== Cursors and streaming

include::cursor_warning.adoc[opts=optional]

By default, prepared query execution fetches all rows, you can use a
`link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/sqlclient/Cursor.html[Cursor]` to control the amount of rows you want to read:

[source,java]
----
connection.prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE first_name LIKE $1", ar0 -> {
  if (ar0.succeeded()) {
    PreparedStatement pq = ar0.result();

    // Cursors require to run within a transaction
    connection.begin(ar1 -> {
      if (ar1.succeeded()) {
        Transaction tx = ar1.result();

        // Create a cursor
        Cursor cursor = pq.cursor(Tuple.of("julien"));

        // Read 50 rows
        cursor.read(50, ar2 -> {
          if (ar2.succeeded()) {
            RowSet<Row> rows = ar2.result();

            // Check for more ?
            if (cursor.hasMore()) {
              // Repeat the process...
            } else {
              // No more rows - commit the transaction
              tx.commit();
            }
          }
        });
      }
    });
  }
});
----

Cursors shall be closed when they are released prematurely:

[source,java]
----
cursor.read(50, ar2 -> {
  if (ar2.succeeded()) {
    // Close the cursor
    cursor.close();
  }
});
----

A stream API is also available for cursors, which can be more convenient, specially with the Rxified version.

[source,java]
----
connection.prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE first_name LIKE $1", ar0 -> {
  if (ar0.succeeded()) {
    PreparedStatement pq = ar0.result();

    // Streams require to run within a transaction
    connection.begin(ar1 -> {
      if (ar1.succeeded()) {
        Transaction tx = ar1.result();

        // Fetch 50 rows at a time
        RowStream<Row> stream = pq.createStream(50, Tuple.of("julien"));

        // Use the stream
        stream.exceptionHandler(err -> {
          System.out.println("Error: " + err.getMessage());
        });
        stream.endHandler(v -> {
          // Close the stream to release the resources in the database
          stream.close(closed -> {
            tx.commit(committed -> {
              System.out.println("End of stream");
            });
          });
        });
        stream.handler(row -> {
          System.out.println("User: " + row.getString("last_name"));
        });
      }
    });
  }
});
----

The stream read the rows by batch of `50` and stream them, when the rows have been passed to the handler,
a new batch of `50` is read and so on.

The stream can be resumed or paused, the loaded rows will remain in memory until they are delivered and the cursor
will stop iterating.