= Vert.x Kafka client
:toc: left

This component provides a Kafka client for reading and sending messages from/to an link:https://kafka.apache.org/[Apache Kafka] cluster.

As consumer, the API provides methods for subscribing to a topic partition receiving
messages asynchronously or reading them as a stream (even with the possibility to pause/resume the stream).

As producer, the API provides methods for sending message to a topic partition like writing on a stream.

== Using the Vert.x Kafka client

To use this component, add the following dependency to the dependencies section of your build descriptor:

* Maven (in your `pom.xml`):

[source,xml,subs="+attributes"]
----
<dependency>
 <groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
 <artifactId>vertx-kafka-client</artifactId>
 <version>4.3.6</version>
</dependency>
----

* Gradle (in your `build.gradle` file):

[source,groovy,subs="+attributes"]
----
compile io.vertx:vertx-kafka-client:4.3.6
----

== Creating Kafka clients

Creating consumers and producers is quite similar and on how it works using the native Kafka client library.

They need to be configured with a bunch of properties as described in the official
Apache Kafka documentation, for the link:https://kafka.apache.org/documentation/#newconsumerconfigs[consumer] and
for the link:https://kafka.apache.org/documentation/#producerconfigs[producer].

To achieve that, a map can be configured with such properties passing it to one of the
static creation methods exposed by `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html[KafkaConsumer]` and
`link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/producer/KafkaProducer.html[KafkaProducer]`

[source,java]
----
Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();
config.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
config.put("key.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
config.put("value.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
config.put("group.id", "my_group");
config.put("auto.offset.reset", "earliest");
config.put("enable.auto.commit", "false");

// use consumer for interacting with Apache Kafka
KafkaConsumer<String, String> consumer = KafkaConsumer.create(vertx, config);
----

In the above example, a `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html[KafkaConsumer]` instance is created using
a map instance in order to specify the Kafka nodes list to connect (just one) and
the deserializers to use for getting key and value from each received message.

Likewise a producer can be created

[source,java]
----
Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();
config.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
config.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
config.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
config.put("acks", "1");

// use producer for interacting with Apache Kafka
KafkaProducer<String, String> producer = KafkaProducer.create(vertx, config);
----

NOTE: The event loop that creates the `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html[KafkaConsumer]` will be the one to handle its messages. For example if you want messages to be handled on a Verticle's event loop, create the Kafka Consumer within the Verticle's start method.

ifdef::java,groovy,kotlin[]
Another way is to use a `link:../../apidocs/java/util/Properties.html[Properties]` instance instead of the map.

[source,java]
----
Properties config = new Properties();
config.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:9092");
config.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
config.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
config.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "my_group");
config.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG, "earliest");
config.put(ConsumerConfig.ENABLE_AUTO_COMMIT_CONFIG, "false");

// use consumer for interacting with Apache Kafka
KafkaConsumer<String, String> consumer = KafkaConsumer.create(vertx, config);
----

More advanced creation methods allow to specify the class type for the key and the value used for sending messages
or provided by received messages; this is a way for setting the key and value serializers/deserializers instead of
using the related properties for that

[source,java]
----
Properties config = new Properties();
config.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:9092");
config.put(ProducerConfig.ACKS_CONFIG, "1");

// use producer for interacting with Apache Kafka
KafkaProducer<String, String> producer = KafkaProducer.create(vertx, config, String.class, String.class);
----

Here the `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/producer/KafkaProducer.html[KafkaProducer]` instance is created in using a `link:../../apidocs/java/util/Properties.html[Properties]` for
specifying Kafka nodes list to connect (just one) and the acknowledgment mode; the key and value deserializers are
specified as parameters of `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/producer/KafkaProducer.html#create-io.vertx.core.Vertx-java.util.Properties-java.lang.Class-java.lang.Class-[KafkaProducer.create]`.
endif::[]

== Receiving messages from a topic joining a consumer group

In order to start receiving messages from Kafka topics, the consumer can use the
`link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#subscribe-java.util.Set-[subscribe]` method for
subscribing to a set of topics being part of a consumer group (specified by the properties on creation).

It's also possible to use the `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#subscribe-java.util.regex.Pattern-[subscribe]` method for
subscribing to more topics specifying a Java regex.

You also need to register a handler for handling incoming messages using the
`link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#handler-io.vertx.core.Handler-[handler]`.

[source,java]
----
consumer.handler(record -> {
  System.out.println("Processing key=" + record.key() + ",value=" + record.value() +
    ",partition=" + record.partition() + ",offset=" + record.offset());
});

// subscribe to several topics with list
Set<String> topics = new HashSet<>();
topics.add("topic1");
topics.add("topic2");
topics.add("topic3");
consumer.subscribe(topics);

// or using a Java regex
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("topic\\d");
consumer.subscribe(pattern);

// or just subscribe to a single topic
consumer.subscribe("a-single-topic");
----

The handler can be registered before or after the call to `subscribe()`; messages won't be consumed until both
methods have been called. This allows you to call `subscribe()`, then `seek()` and finally `handler()` in
order to only consume messages starting from a particular offset, for example.

A handler can also be passed during subscription to be aware of the subscription result and being notified when the operation
is completed.

[source,java]
----
consumer.handler(record -> {
  System.out.println("Processing key=" + record.key() + ",value=" + record.value() +
    ",partition=" + record.partition() + ",offset=" + record.offset());
});

// subscribe to several topics
Set<String> topics = new HashSet<>();
topics.add("topic1");
topics.add("topic2");
topics.add("topic3");
consumer
  .subscribe(topics)
  .onSuccess(v ->
    System.out.println("subscribed")
  ).onFailure(cause ->
    System.out.println("Could not subscribe " + cause.getMessage())
  );

// or just subscribe to a single topic
consumer
  .subscribe("a-single-topic")
  .onSuccess(v ->
    System.out.println("subscribed")
  ).onFailure(cause ->
    System.out.println("Could not subscribe " + cause.getMessage())
  );
----

Using the consumer group way, the Kafka cluster assigns partitions to the consumer taking into account other connected
consumers in the same consumer group, so that partitions can be spread across them.

The Kafka cluster handles partitions re-balancing when a consumer leaves the group (so assigned partitions are free
to be assigned to other consumers) or a new consumer joins the group (so it wants partitions to read from).

You can register handlers on a `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html[KafkaConsumer]` to be notified
of the partitions revocations and assignments by the Kafka cluster using
`link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#partitionsRevokedHandler-io.vertx.core.Handler-[partitionsRevokedHandler]` and
`link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#partitionsAssignedHandler-io.vertx.core.Handler-[partitionsAssignedHandler]`.

[source,java]
----
consumer.handler(record -> {
  System.out.println("Processing key=" + record.key() + ",value=" + record.value() +
    ",partition=" + record.partition() + ",offset=" + record.offset());
});

// registering handlers for assigned and revoked partitions
consumer.partitionsAssignedHandler(topicPartitions -> {
  System.out.println("Partitions assigned");
  for (TopicPartition topicPartition : topicPartitions) {
    System.out.println(topicPartition.getTopic() + " " + topicPartition.getPartition());
  }
});

consumer.partitionsRevokedHandler(topicPartitions -> {
  System.out.println("Partitions revoked");
  for (TopicPartition topicPartition : topicPartitions) {
    System.out.println(topicPartition.getTopic() + " " + topicPartition.getPartition());
  }
});

// subscribes to the topic
consumer
  .subscribe("test")
  .onSuccess(v ->
    System.out.println("subscribed")
  ).onFailure(cause ->
    System.out.println("Could not subscribe " + cause.getMessage())
  );
----

After joining a consumer group for receiving messages, a consumer can decide to leave the consumer group in order to
not get messages anymore using `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#unsubscribe--[unsubscribe]`

[source,java]
----
consumer.unsubscribe();
----

You can add an handler to be notified of the result

[source,java]
----
consumer
  .unsubscribe()
  .onSuccess(v ->
    System.out.println("Consumer unsubscribed")
  );
----

== Receiving messages from a topic requesting specific partitions

Besides being part of a consumer group for receiving messages from a topic, a consumer can ask for a specific
topic partition. When the consumer is not part of a consumer group the overall application cannot
rely on the re-balancing feature.

You can use `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#assign-java.util.Set-io.vertx.core.Handler-[assign]`
in order to ask for specific partitions.

[source,java]
----
consumer.handler(record -> {
  System.out.println("key=" + record.key() + ",value=" + record.value() +
    ",partition=" + record.partition() + ",offset=" + record.offset());
});

//
Set<TopicPartition> topicPartitions = new HashSet<>();
topicPartitions.add(new TopicPartition()
  .setTopic("test")
  .setPartition(0));

// requesting to be assigned the specific partition
consumer
  .assign(topicPartitions)
  .onSuccess(v -> System.out.println("Partition assigned"))
  // After the assignment is completed, get the assigned partitions to this consumer
  .compose(v -> consumer.assignment())
  .onSuccess(partitions -> {
    for (TopicPartition topicPartition : partitions) {
      System.out.println(topicPartition.getTopic() + " " + topicPartition.getPartition());
    }
  });
----

As with `subscribe()`, the handler can be registered before or after the call to `assign()`;
messages won't be consumed until both methods have been called. This allows you to call
`assign()`, then `seek()` and finally `handler()` in
order to only consume messages starting from a particular offset, for example.

Calling `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#assignment-io.vertx.core.Handler-[assignment]` provides
the list of the current assigned partitions.

== Receiving messages with explicit polling

Other than using the internal polling mechanism in order to receive messages from Kafka, the client can subscribe to a
topic, avoiding to register the handler for getting the messages and then using the `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#poll-java.time.Duration-io.vertx.core.Handler-[poll]` method.

In this way, the user application is in charge to execute the poll for getting messages when it needs, for example after processing
the previous ones.

[source,java]
----
consumer
  .subscribe("test")
  .onSuccess(v -> {
    System.out.println("Consumer subscribed");

    // Let's poll every second
    vertx.setPeriodic(1000, timerId ->
      consumer
        .poll(Duration.ofMillis(100))
        .onSuccess(records -> {
          for (int i = 0; i < records.size(); i++) {
            KafkaConsumerRecord<String, String> record = records.recordAt(i);
            System.out.println("key=" + record.key() + ",value=" + record.value() +
              ",partition=" + record.partition() + ",offset=" + record.offset());
          }
        })
        .onFailure(cause -> {
          System.out.println("Something went wrong when polling " + cause.toString());
          cause.printStackTrace();

          // Stop polling if something went wrong
          vertx.cancelTimer(timerId);
        })
    );
});
----

After subscribing successfully, the application start a periodic timer in order to execute the poll and getting messages
from Kafka periodically.

== Changing the subscription or assignment

You can change the subscribed topics, or assigned partitions after you have started to consume messages, simply
by calling `subscribe()` or `assign()` again.

Note that due to internal buffering of messages it is possible that the record handler will continue to
observe messages from the old subscription or assignment _after_ the `subscribe()` or `assign()`
method's completion handler has been called. This is not the case for messages observed by the batch handler:
Once the completion handler has been called it will only observe messages read from the subscription or assignment.

== Getting topic partition information

You can call the `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#partitionsFor-java.lang.String-io.vertx.core.Handler-[partitionsFor]` to get information about
partitions for a specified topic

[source,java]
----
consumer
  .partitionsFor("test")
  .onSuccess(partitions -> {
    for (PartitionInfo partitionInfo : partitions) {
      System.out.println(partitionInfo);
    }
  });
----

In addition `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#listTopics-io.vertx.core.Handler-[listTopics]` provides all available topics
with related partitions

[source,java]
----
consumer
  .listTopics()
  .onSuccess(partitionsTopicMap ->
    partitionsTopicMap.forEach((topic, partitions) -> {
      System.out.println("topic = " + topic);
      System.out.println("partitions = " + partitions);
    })
  );
----

== Manual offset commit

In Apache Kafka the consumer is in charge to handle the offset of the last read message.

This is executed by the commit operation executed automatically every time a bunch of messages are read
from a topic partition. The configuration parameter `enable.auto.commit` must be set to `true` when the
consumer is created.

Manual offset commit, can be achieved with `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#commit-io.vertx.core.Handler-[commit]`.
It can be used to achieve _at least once_ delivery to be sure that the read messages are processed before committing
the offset.

[source,java]
----
consumer.commit().onSuccess(v ->
  System.out.println("Last read message offset committed")
);
----

== Seeking in a topic partition

Apache Kafka can retain messages for a long period of time and the consumer can seek inside a topic partition
and obtain arbitrary access to the messages.

You can use `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#seek-io.vertx.kafka.client.common.TopicPartition-long-[seek]` to change the offset for reading at a specific
position

[source,java]
----
TopicPartition topicPartition = new TopicPartition()
  .setTopic("test")
  .setPartition(0);

// seek to a specific offset
consumer
  .seek(topicPartition, 10)
  .onSuccess(v -> System.out.println("Seeking done"));
----

When the consumer needs to re-read the stream from the beginning, it can use `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#seekToBeginning-io.vertx.kafka.client.common.TopicPartition-[seekToBeginning]`

[source,java]
----
TopicPartition topicPartition = new TopicPartition()
  .setTopic("test")
  .setPartition(0);

// seek to the beginning of the partition
consumer
  .seekToBeginning(Collections.singleton(topicPartition))
  .onSuccess(v -> System.out.println("Seeking done"));
----

Finally `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#seekToEnd-io.vertx.kafka.client.common.TopicPartition-[seekToEnd]` can be used to come back at the end of the partition

[source,java]
----
TopicPartition topicPartition = new TopicPartition()
  .setTopic("test")
  .setPartition(0);

// seek to the end of the partition
consumer
  .seekToEnd(Collections.singleton(topicPartition))
  .onSuccess(v -> System.out.println("Seeking done"));
----

Note that due to internal buffering of messages it is possible that the record handler will continue to
observe messages read from the original offset for a time _after_ the `seek*()` method's completion
handler has been called. This is not the case for messages observed by the batch handler: Once the
`seek*()` completion handler has been called it will only observe messages read from the new offset.

== Offset lookup

You can use the beginningOffsets API introduced in Kafka 0.10.1.1 to get the first offset
for a given partition. In contrast to `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#seekToBeginning-io.vertx.kafka.client.common.TopicPartition-[seekToBeginning]`,
it does not change the consumer's offset.

[source,java]
----
Set<TopicPartition> topicPartitions = new HashSet<>();
TopicPartition topicPartition = new TopicPartition().setTopic("test").setPartition(0);
topicPartitions.add(topicPartition);

consumer
  .beginningOffsets(topicPartitions)
  .onSuccess(results ->
    results.forEach((topic, beginningOffset) ->
      System.out.println(
        "Beginning offset for topic=" + topic.getTopic() + ", partition=" +
          topic.getPartition() + ", beginningOffset=" + beginningOffset
      )
    )
  );

// Convenience method for single-partition lookup
consumer
  .beginningOffsets(topicPartition)
  .onSuccess(beginningOffset ->
    System.out.println(
      "Beginning offset for topic=" + topicPartition.getTopic() + ", partition=" +
        topicPartition.getPartition() + ", beginningOffset=" + beginningOffset
    )
  );
----

You can use the endOffsets API introduced in Kafka 0.10.1.1 to get the last offset
for a given partition. In contrast to `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#seekToEnd-io.vertx.kafka.client.common.TopicPartition-[seekToEnd]`,
it does not change the consumer's offset.

[source,java]
----
Set<TopicPartition> topicPartitions = new HashSet<>();
TopicPartition topicPartition = new TopicPartition().setTopic("test").setPartition(0);
topicPartitions.add(topicPartition);

consumer.endOffsets(topicPartitions)
  .onSuccess(results ->
    results.forEach((topic, beginningOffset) ->
      System.out.println(
        "End offset for topic=" + topic.getTopic() + ", partition=" +
          topic.getPartition() + ", beginningOffset=" + beginningOffset
      )
    )
  );

// Convenience method for single-partition lookup
consumer
  .endOffsets(topicPartition)
  .onSuccess(endOffset ->
    System.out.println(
      "End offset for topic=" + topicPartition.getTopic() + ", partition=" +
        topicPartition.getPartition() + ", endOffset=" + endOffset
    )
);
----

You can use the offsetsForTimes API introduced in Kafka 0.10.1.1 to look up an offset by
timestamp, i.e. search parameter is an epoch timestamp and the call returns the lowest offset
with ingestion timestamp >= given timestamp.

[source,java]
----
Map<TopicPartition, Long> topicPartitionsWithTimestamps = new HashMap<>();
TopicPartition topicPartition = new TopicPartition().setTopic("test").setPartition(0);

// We are interested in the offset for data ingested 60 seconds ago
long timestamp = (System.currentTimeMillis() - 60000);

topicPartitionsWithTimestamps.put(topicPartition, timestamp);
consumer
  .offsetsForTimes(topicPartitionsWithTimestamps)
  .onSuccess(results ->
    results.forEach((topic, offset) ->
      System.out.println(
        "Offset for topic=" + topic.getTopic() +
        ", partition=" + topic.getPartition() + "\n" +
        ", timestamp=" + timestamp + ", offset=" + offset.getOffset() +
        ", offsetTimestamp=" + offset.getTimestamp()
      )
    )
);

// Convenience method for single-partition lookup
consumer.offsetsForTimes(topicPartition, timestamp).onSuccess(offsetAndTimestamp ->
  System.out.println(
    "Offset for topic=" + topicPartition.getTopic() +
    ", partition=" + topicPartition.getPartition() + "\n" +
    ", timestamp=" + timestamp + ", offset=" + offsetAndTimestamp.getOffset() +
    ", offsetTimestamp=" + offsetAndTimestamp.getTimestamp()
  )
);
----
== Message flow control

A consumer can control the incoming message flow and pause/resume the read operation from a topic, e.g it
can pause the message flow when it needs more time to process the actual messages and then resume
to continue message processing.

To achieve that you can use `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#pause--[pause]` and
`link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#resume--[resume]`.

In the case of the partition-specific pause and resume it is possible that the record handler will continue to
observe messages from a paused partition for a time _after_ the `pause()` method's completion
handler has been called. This is not the case for messages observed by the batch handler: Once the
`pause()` completion handler has been called it will only observe messages from those partitions which
are not paused.

[source,java]
----
TopicPartition topicPartition = new TopicPartition()
  .setTopic("test")
  .setPartition(0);

// registering the handler for incoming messages
consumer.handler(record -> {
  System.out.println("key=" + record.key() + ",value=" + record.value() +
    ",partition=" + record.partition() + ",offset=" + record.offset());

  // i.e. pause/resume on partition 0, after reading message up to offset 5
  if ((record.partition() == 0) && (record.offset() == 5)) {

    // pause the read operations
    consumer.pause(topicPartition)
      .onSuccess(v -> System.out.println("Paused"))
      .onSuccess(v -> vertx.setTimer(5000, timeId ->
        // resume read operations
        consumer.resume(topicPartition)
      ));
  }
});
----

== Closing a consumer

Call close to close the consumer. Closing the consumer closes any open connections and releases all consumer resources.

The close is actually asynchronous and might not complete until some time after the call has returned. If you want to be notified
when the actual close has completed then you can pass in a handler.

This handler will then be called when the close has fully completed.

[source,java]
----
consumer
  .close()
  .onSuccess(v -> System.out.println("Consumer is now closed"))
  .onFailure(cause -> System.out.println("Close failed: " + cause));
----

== Sending messages to a topic

You can use  `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/core/streams/WriteStream.html#write-java.lang.Object-[write]` to send messages (records) to a topic.

The simplest way to send a message is to specify only the destination topic and the related value, omitting its key
or partition, in this case the messages are sent in a round robin fashion across all the partitions of the topic.

[source,java]
----
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

  // only topic and message value are specified, round robin on destination partitions
  KafkaProducerRecord<String, String> record =
    KafkaProducerRecord.create("test", "message_" + i);

  producer.write(record);
}
----

You can receive message sent metadata like its topic, its destination partition and its assigned offset.

[source,java]
----
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

  // only topic and message value are specified, round robin on destination partitions
  KafkaProducerRecord<String, String> record =
    KafkaProducerRecord.create("test", "message_" + i);

  producer.send(record).onSuccess(recordMetadata ->
    System.out.println(
      "Message " + record.value() + " written on topic=" + recordMetadata.getTopic() +
      ", partition=" + recordMetadata.getPartition() +
      ", offset=" + recordMetadata.getOffset()
    )
  );
}
----

When you need to assign a partition to a message, you can specify its partition identifier
or its key

[source,java]
----
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

  // a destination partition is specified
  KafkaProducerRecord<String, String> record =
    KafkaProducerRecord.create("test", null, "message_" + i, 0);

  producer.write(record);
}
----

Since the producers identifies the destination using key hashing, you can use that to guarantee that all
messages with the same key are sent to the same partition and retain the order.

[source,java]
----
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

  // i.e. defining different keys for odd and even messages
  int key = i % 2;

  // a key is specified, all messages with same key will be sent to the same partition
  KafkaProducerRecord<String, String> record =
    KafkaProducerRecord.create("test", String.valueOf(key), "message_" + i);

  producer.write(record);
}
----

NOTE: the shared producer is created on the first `createShared` call and its configuration is defined at this moment,
shared producer usage must use the same configuration.

== Sharing a producer

Sometimes you want to share the same producer from within several verticles or contexts.

Calling `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/producer/KafkaProducer.html#createShared-io.vertx.core.Vertx-java.lang.String-java.util.Map-[KafkaProducer.createShared]`
returns a producer that can be shared safely.

[source,java]
----
KafkaProducer<String, String> producer1 = KafkaProducer.createShared(vertx, "the-producer", config);

// Sometimes later you can close it
producer1.close();
----

The same resources (thread, connection) will be shared between the producer returned by this method.

When you are done with the producer, just close it, when all shared producers are closed, the resources will
be released for you.

== Closing a producer

Call close to close the producer. Closing the producer closes any open connections and releases all producer resources.

The close is actually asynchronous and might not complete until some time after the call has returned. If you want to be notified
when the actual close has completed then you can pass in a handler.

This handler will then be called when the close has fully completed.

[source,java]
----
producer
  .close()
  .onSuccess(v -> System.out.println("Producer is now closed"))
  .onFailure(cause -> System.out.println("Close failed: " + cause));
----

== Getting topic partition information

You can call the `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/producer/KafkaProducer.html#partitionsFor-java.lang.String-io.vertx.core.Handler-[partitionsFor]` to get information about
partitions for a specified topic:

[source,java]
----
producer
  .partitionsFor("test")
  .onSuccess(partitions ->
    partitions.forEach(System.out::println)
  );
----

== Handling errors

Errors handling (e.g timeout) between a Kafka client (consumer or producer) and the Kafka cluster is done using
`link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaConsumer.html#exceptionHandler-io.vertx.core.Handler-[exceptionHandler]` or
`link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/producer/KafkaProducer.html#exceptionHandler-io.vertx.core.Handler-[exceptionHandler]`

[source,java]
----
consumer.exceptionHandler(e -> {
  System.out.println("Error = " + e.getMessage());
});
----

== Automatic clean-up in verticles

If you’re creating consumers and producer from inside verticles, those consumers and producers will be automatically
closed when the verticle is undeployed.

== Using Vert.x serializers/deserializers

Vert.x Kafka client comes out of the box with serializers and deserializers for buffers, json object
and json array.

In a consumer you can use buffers

[source,java]
----
Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();
config.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
config.put("key.deserializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.BufferDeserializer");
config.put("value.deserializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.BufferDeserializer");
config.put("group.id", "my_group");
config.put("auto.offset.reset", "earliest");
config.put("enable.auto.commit", "false");

// Creating a consumer able to deserialize to json object
config = new HashMap<>();
config.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
config.put("key.deserializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.JsonObjectDeserializer");
config.put("value.deserializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.JsonObjectDeserializer");
config.put("group.id", "my_group");
config.put("auto.offset.reset", "earliest");
config.put("enable.auto.commit", "false");

// Creating a consumer able to deserialize to json array
config = new HashMap<>();
config.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
config.put("key.deserializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.JsonArrayDeserializer");
config.put("value.deserializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.JsonArrayDeserializer");
config.put("group.id", "my_group");
config.put("auto.offset.reset", "earliest");
config.put("enable.auto.commit", "false");
----

Or in a producer

[source,java]
----
Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();
config.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
config.put("key.serializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.BufferSerializer");
config.put("value.serializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.BufferSerializer");
config.put("acks", "1");

// Creating a producer able to serialize to json object
config = new HashMap<>();
config.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
config.put("key.serializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.JsonObjectSerializer");
config.put("value.serializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.JsonObjectSerializer");
config.put("acks", "1");

// Creating a producer able to serialize to json array
config = new HashMap<>();
config.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
config.put("key.serializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.JsonArraySerializer");
config.put("value.serializer", "io.vertx.kafka.client.serialization.JsonArraySerializer");
config.put("acks", "1");
----

ifeval::["java" == "java"]
You can also specify the serializers/deserializers at creation time:

In a consumer

[source,java]
----
Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();
config.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
config.put("group.id", "my_group");
config.put("auto.offset.reset", "earliest");
config.put("enable.auto.commit", "false");

// Creating a consumer able to deserialize buffers
KafkaConsumer<Buffer, Buffer> bufferConsumer = KafkaConsumer.create(vertx, config, Buffer.class, Buffer.class);

// Creating a consumer able to deserialize json objects
KafkaConsumer<JsonObject, JsonObject> jsonObjectConsumer = KafkaConsumer.create(vertx, config, JsonObject.class, JsonObject.class);

// Creating a consumer able to deserialize json arrays
KafkaConsumer<JsonArray, JsonArray> jsonArrayConsumer = KafkaConsumer.create(vertx, config, JsonArray.class, JsonArray.class);
----

Or in a producer

[source,java]
----
Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();
config.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
config.put("acks", "1");

// Creating a producer able to serialize to buffers
KafkaProducer<Buffer, Buffer> bufferProducer = KafkaProducer.create(vertx, config, Buffer.class, Buffer.class);

// Creating a producer able to serialize to json objects
KafkaProducer<JsonObject, JsonObject> jsonObjectProducer = KafkaProducer.create(vertx, config, JsonObject.class, JsonObject.class);

// Creating a producer able to serialize to json arrays
KafkaProducer<JsonArray, JsonArray> jsonArrayProducer = KafkaProducer.create(vertx, config, JsonArray.class, JsonArray.class);
----

endif::[]

ifeval::["java" == "java"]
include::override/rxjava3.adoc[]
endif::[]

ifdef::java,groovy,kotlin[]
== Stream implementation and native Kafka objects

When you want to operate on native Kafka records you can use a stream oriented
implementation which handles native Kafka objects.

The `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/consumer/KafkaReadStream.html[KafkaReadStream]` shall be used for reading topic partitions, it is
a read stream of `link:../../apidocs/org/apache/kafka/clients/consumer/ConsumerRecord.html[ConsumerRecord]` objects.

The `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/producer/KafkaWriteStream.html[KafkaWriteStream]` shall be used for writing to topics, it is a write
stream of `link:../../apidocs/org/apache/kafka/clients/producer/ProducerRecord.html[ProducerRecord]`.

The API exposed by these interfaces is mostly the same than the polyglot version.
endif::[]

== Automatic trace propagation

When Vert.x is configured with Tracing enabled (see `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/core/VertxOptions.html#setTracingOptions-io.vertx.core.tracing.TracingOptions-[setTracingOptions]`),
traces will be automatically propagated with Kafka messages.

Kafka producers will add a span to traces when a message is being written, trace contexts
will be propagated as Kafka headers, and the consumers will also create a span while reading a message.

Following the
link:https://github.com/opentracing/specification/blob/master/semantic_conventions.md[OpenTracing semantic convention],
span tags are:

- `span.kind`, it is either `consumer` or `producer`
- `peer.address` can be configured from `link:../../apidocs/io/vertx/kafka/client/common/KafkaClientOptions.html#setTracePeerAddress-java.lang.String-[setTracePeerAddress]`. If unset, it will be the configured bootstrap server.
- `peer.hostname` is parsed from `peer.address`
- `peer.port` is parsed from `peer.address`
- `peer.service` is always `kafka`
- `message_bus.destination`, which is set to the topic in use

include::adminclient.adoc[]